Gerakan Sosial Muhammadiyah di Muna dalam Bidang Pendidikan: Masa Kolonialisme
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51311/nuris.v10i2.505Keywords:
Gerakan Sosial, Muhammadiyah, Kolonialisme, PendidikanAbstract
Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik. Data primer penelitian, bersumber dari data-data tertulis (dokumen) dan wawancara mendalam. Seluruh data dianalisis melalui tahapan: heuristik, kritik, intrepretasi dan historiografi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan: Pertama, Secara historis Muhammadiyah berperan signifikan dalam proses pencerahan akal budi terhadap masyarakat Muna masa pra kemerdekaan. Hal tersebut setidaknya ditandai dengan giat pencerahan melalui jalur pendidikan, yaitu dengan mendirikan sekolah di Raha dan Mabohi tahun 1932. Lembaga pendidikan tersebut merupakan anti tesa dari gerakan pendidikan berbasis Kristen yang diinisiasi oleh Zending. Kedua, kemampuan elemen Muhammadiyah masa pra kemerdekaan membangun dan memberi layanan pendidikan kepada masyarakat setempat, merupakan bukti dari partisipasi sosial organ ini kepada anak bangsa. Sungguhpun posisi politik Muhammadiyah pada waktu berada dalam ruang sempit dan penuh tekanan dari pemerintah kolonial Belanda, namun faktanya mereka tetap mampu menggerakkan dan memoblisasi sumber daya yang ada sehingga mereka berhasil mendirikan sekolah berbasis Islam sebagai anti tesa dari sekolah yang didirikan oleh Zending. Ketiga, dalam menghadapi colonial Belanda, Muhammadiyah menerapkan gerakan reaksioner antithesis. Pendekatan ini dilakukan untuk membendung gerakan pemurtadan yang dilakukan Zending yang berkolaborasi dengan Belanda. Fakta ini diframing sedemikian rupa sehingga elemen Muhammadiyah Muna mampu memobilisasi masyarakat setempat untuk bereaksi melakukan penentangan atas ketidak adilan yang mereka alami.
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